Amitabha, also known as Amida in Japanese, is a central figure in Mahayana Buddhism, particularly within the Pure Land tradition. Amitabha is considered one of the Five Tathagatas (Five Buddhas) and is associated with the Western Pure Land, a realm of ultimate bliss and liberation.
Amitabha is revered as the Buddha of Infinite Light and Infinite Life. According to Pure Land teachings, Amitabha established a Pure Land as a place of refuge for all beings seeking enlightenment. This Pure Land is described as a realm of ease and tranquility, where practitioners can achieve rebirth through devotion and aspiration.
Devotees of Amitabha practice recitation of his name or mantra, such as the famous "Namo Amituofo" in Chinese or "Namo Amida Butsu" in Japanese, with the aspiration to be reborn in his Pure Land, where they can continue their journey towards enlightenment under his guidance.
The Pure Land tradition emphasizes the accessibility of enlightenment to all beings, even those who find it challenging to engage in advanced meditative practices. It is characterized by its focus on the power of Amitabha's vow and grace to facilitate the attainment of liberation and enlightenment.